I work as a psychologist in the public
transport and traffic management body of Belém do Pará and as a History teacher
in the evening shift in public schools in the State of Pará and on November 18,
2024, I presented at the Eighth Goiano Forum on Urban Mobility
and Traffic held in Goiânia-Goiás the Work with
students from Four Public Schools in Belém do Pará on Traffic
and the Environment .
The work with the students was
developed in September 2024 considering the National Traffic Week. I decided to
work with the students on transportation in Pará considering the issues of
safety, mobility and the environment.
According to Nilson
Pickler in his article “Transport and its Environmental
Impacts” (Blog AMBFLEX, 2022): Transport allows
people and goods to move between two points, therefore it is an extremely
important activity for the full development of society.
Despite being a necessary activity,
its impacts on the environment tend to be negative, and we can divide them into
two categories: the consumption of natural resources, where we can highlight
the use of oil, alcohol, among others; and the impacts on individuals,
characterized by air pollution, traffic congestion and traffic accidents.
But there are also those that do not
cause negative impacts. Electric vehicles are part of the group called
zero-emissions. These vehicles have a non-polluting means of generating
movement, and do not emit any gases that are harmful to the environment, nor do
they generate considerable noise. (...)” And the same author also states in the
cited article:
“...Each means of transport has some
environmental impact in some part of the process, whether in production, due to
the materials used in the base, or in use due to the burning of fossil fuels,
as well as in maintenance or disposal.
The bicycle, for example, is a means
of transport that does not use fuel for locomotion, but its production involves
materials such as steel and aluminum, which in a certain way generate
significant impacts.
Ideally, there would be a process for
the correct disposal of bicycles at the end of their useful life, with the sale
of parts in good condition and the recycling of materials. This would
significantly reduce the environmental impact, as it would prevent the
extraction of new natural resources.
Motorcycles and cars, on the other
hand, have a greater impact in terms of both use and maintenance. The use of
gasoline as fuel releases CO², a gas that contributes to global warming.
If your motorcycle or car allows it,
using renewable fuels (such as alcohol) is the best alternative to reduce
impacts: by replacing gasoline with ethanol produced from sugar cane, it is
possible to reduce CO² emissions into the atmosphere by at least 25%.
It is essential to carry out regular
maintenance on your car or motorcycle to obtain better performance and fuel
consumption efficiency, in addition to prioritizing shared use, reducing
unnecessary individual emissions.
Public transport, such as buses and
subways, are part of the public service category, and even though it is not
possible to adjust routes to better distribute the number of passengers, it is
recommended that people opt for public transport, as this reduces the
environmental impact caused by pollutant gas emissions from private vehicles
(...)”
Below is the work I presented at the
Congress:
I-Introduction (Highlighted
aspects)
1- The
importance of traffic education: Traffic education is of
fundamental importance in ethical and social development, encompassing values,
norms, principles and habits. This education can have a great
influence on social coexistence among those involved in traffic .
According to Hoffman (2003): “Resources of any kind should help students
reflect on themselves, on their attitudes towards other people and institutions
regarding the social issues that surround them”.
2- The issue of
the environment and means of transport: a considerable part of
the environmental problems are related to the increasing use of vehicles that
are still powered by petroleum derivatives. This situation has contributed
greatly to the emission of greenhouse gases . In Brazil,
there is still a huge use of transport that uses petroleum derivatives,
especially in the road transport of goods and people.
3- Traffic
Week 2024: Considering traffic education and the environmental
issue and considering History as a discipline that analyzes historical contexts
and highlighting the 30th COP-30 that will be held in Belém in November 2025, I
decided to work with my students on the environmental issue
related to traffic , taking advantage of the period of the 2024
traffic week, from September 18 to 25, 2024.
II- Methods
1- Theoretical
classes with students from 9 night classes, two from EJA Fundamental and
seven from High School, from four schools, on mobility relating to the
Industrial Revolution and environmental issues, highlighting important authors
such as Eduardo Vasconcelos and Roberto da Matta and excerpts from the
book Projeto Transporte Humano: circuito com qualidade na cidade do
século XXI published by the National Association of Public Transport
(ANTP). In one of the schools, there was collaboration from the Biology
teacher who highlighted the ecological issue and the impacts
of pollution on the environment.
2- Topics on the relationship between
traffic and the environment were distributed to be drawn among
the classes and explained how the students should do it. The work was not
mandatory, as some students were very busy at work and could not get together
with others to do the work. The students who wanted to do it formed groups of
up to six people. Each group was given a topic. A score was given for the third
assessment of the school year to whoever presented it. The students researched
the topics on websites suggested by the teacher.
3- Presentation in
the classroom by the groups on the selected topics and debate
with the teacher. The students used posters or slides on a projector.
III- Results:
1- Graziela Ribeiro and Acy de Barros
Schools:
At the Graziela Ribeiro school,
eight students presented their work on electric cars and river transport in the
Amazon. At the Acy de Barros school, 34 students presented their work on
bicycles, river transport in the Amazon, walking, the subway, cars and electric
buses.
2- Santa Luiza School in Marilac:
At the Santa Luiza de Marilac school,
the following works were presented: Electricity in transport, Ethanol as a fuel
for cars, Diesel oil and gasoline in transport and the environmental
issue, Natural gas in buses, and Walking. 14 students presented.
3- Paulo Fonteles School: At Paulo
Fonteles School, the following works were presented: Traveling on foot,
Bicycle, River Transport in the Amazon, Electric car, Traveling on foot,
Traveling for the elderly and people with disabilities. 36 students presented.
IV- CONCLUSION
(Important points)
1- Awakening
curiosity and sensitivity about the issue: The students
had never done work that related the issue of the environment and traffic. The
opportunity for them to do so sparked their interest in the topics presented
and the impacts that exist on the environment.
2- Learning by
doing: Carrying out research on the Internet, creating material for
display and studying for presentation in the classroom made it possible to
learn about the subjects through their actions and through debate in the
classroom.
3- The possibility
of a new awareness about the issue of traffic and the environment: The students'
reflection on what was presented in class can be the beginning of an awareness
about the issue of traffic and the environment and their role as participants
in traffic and as citizens. And the dissemination of the work as a way of
encouraging other teachers and other schools to carry out similar work.
Note: In addition
to teaching History in 2024, I also taught the Life Project subject to 4
classes, the Environmental Education subject to one class and the Elective
subject to another class. I also tried to relate the contents of these subjects
to Traffic and the Environment in these subjects, when working on Traffic and
the Environment.
______________________________________
Marcio Jose Matos Rodrigues.